Have you ever felt a sharp, electric-like shock on one side of your face just from brushing your teeth, speaking, or even a gentle breeze? If yes, it might not be a dental problem—it could be something called Trigeminal Neuralgia.
What is Trigeminal Neuralgia?
Trigeminal Neuralgia is a condition where a nerve in your face—the trigeminal nerve—gets irritated or compressed, causing sudden, severe facial pain. The pain often feels like an electric shock or stabbing sensation and usually affects one side of the face.
Common Symptoms:
Sharp, shooting pain on one side of the face
Pain triggered by everyday activities like washing your face, eating, or talking
Attacks that come and go, often getting worse over time
Sometimes mistaken for dental issues or sinus problems
What Causes It?
The most common cause is a blood vessel pressing against the trigeminal nerve near the brain. Over time, this pressure can wear away the nerve’s protective coating, leading to misfired pain signals.
In rare cases, a tumor, multiple sclerosis, or brain abnormalities may also cause it.
Treatment Options
At first, doctors usually try to manage the pain with medications like carbamazepine or gabapentin. These drugs calm the nerve but may stop working after a while or cause side effects like dizziness or fatigue.
When medicines no longer help, neurosurgery offers a lasting solution.
Surgical Options Available:
Microvascular Decompression (MVD)
This is the most common and effective surgery. Under a microscope, the surgeon moves away the blood vessel pressing on the nerve and places a soft pad to prevent future contact. This usually provides long-term relief without damaging the nerve.
Radiofrequency Rhizotomy
A minimally invasive procedure where a needle is used to heat and damage the part of the nerve causing pain. This is helpful for patients who are not fit for major surgery.
Gamma Knife Radiosurgery
A focused radiation beam targets the nerve, damaging it slightly to reduce pain signals. This is non-invasive and done without any cuts or stitches.
When Should You See a Neurosurgeon?
If your facial pain keeps coming back, gets worse, or is not responding to medicines, it’s time to consult a neurosurgeon. Early diagnosis and timely treatment can save you from years of suffering.
Contact Dr. Naba J. Borah
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